This practice violated federal law and restricted workers rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining. INEGI reported in 2017 that 23 percent of working women experienced violence in the workplace within the past 12 months and that 6 percent experienced sexual violence. Citizens generally registered the births of newborns with local authorities. Since 2013, the number of applications received has nearly doubled every year. Children also produced garments, leather goods, and illicit crops such as opium poppies; engaged in illicit activities such as the production and trafficking of drugs; and experienced sexual exploitation, often as a result of human trafficking. Participation of Women and Members of Minority Groups: No laws limit the participation of women or members of minority groups in the political process, and they did participate. As of 2023, the crime rate hit an all-time high of 80.29%. As one of the worlds top 15 emitters of greenhouse gases, Mexico is contributing to the climate crisis that is taking a growing toll on human rights around the globe. By law the government collected biometric data from migrants. The armed forces operated a military justice system to hold human rights abusers accountable. Cozumel is a very safe place to vacation in 2023, with a low historic crime rate, especially relative to other US and Mexican destinations. In July the Mexico City congress passed a law to provide, promote, and protect LGBTQI+ human rights. U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE BUREAU of CONSULAR AFFAIRS, U.S. Citizen Services: From Mexico 800-681-9374 or 55-8526-2561. Barriers to accessing contraceptives stemmed from lack of knowledge, poverty, lack of access to health services, and sexual violence from family members, strangers, or friends. Violence by organized criminal groups often prompted the incidents, which took place in 10 states and displaced 11,560 persons as of August. It was created in 2019 to bring together national and international forensic experts to help identify 37,000 unidentified remains held in government facilities, coordinate implementation of the general law on forced disappearances, and allocate resources to state search commissions. NGOs reported no changes in the mental health system to create community services or any efforts by authorities to have independent experts monitor human rights abuses in psychiatric institutions. Between January and August the CNDH recorded 123 complaints of arbitrary detention. Lopez had filed a complaint with the Interior Secretariat asking for greater government intervention in the indigenous Tsotsil regions following increased drug trafficking-related violence. Workers had to buy food and other items at the company store at high markups, at times leaving them with no money at the end of the harvest after settling debts. The Jalisco government disarmed the municipal police force of Ixtlahuacan and turned over public security duties to the National Guard and the Jalisco Secretariat for Public Security. Almost two-thirds (64 percent) reported physical violence at the time of arrest, including electric shocks, choking, and smothering. There were credible reports of sexual assaults against migrants, particularly women, while migrating in and through the country. Federal law criminalizes spousal abuse. INEGI found that 53 percent of women of reproductive age used modern contraception in 2018 (the most recent study). Low turnout invalidated the results. Criminal activity and violence may occur throughout the state. Defendants have the right to free assistance of an interpreter, if needed, although interpretation and translation services for indigenous languages were not always available. The law criminalizes sharing, distributing, and publishing intimate sexual content (including photographs, audio, and videos) featuring individuals who have not explicitly given their consent, with penalties of up to six years in prison. Exercise increased caution when visiting local bars, nightclubs, and casinos. Mexico is a multiparty federal republic with an elected president and bicameral legislature. Approximately 23 percent of informal workers (6.8 million persons) were employed by formal businesses or organizations but paid in cash off the books to evade taxes and social security payments. Sandoval remained in pretrial detention as of August. The Catholic Multimedia Center reported that criminal groups harassed priests and other religious leaders in some parts of the country and subjected them to extortion, death threats, and intimidation. Journalists reported altering their coverage due to a lack of protection from the government, attacks against members of media and newsrooms, and threats or retributions against their families, among other reasons. The attorney general never properly implemented a 2018 reform intended to make the office more independent from the government and more accountable to victims and their families, human rights and rule-of-law groups report. Journalists in Iguala, Guerrero, received anonymous messages through social networks, such as Facebook and WhatsApp, threatening them and their families, according to civil society. The CNDHs 2020 National Diagnostic of Penitentiary Supervision reported that state prisons were understaffed and suffered from poor sanitary conditions as well as a lack of separation between those sentenced and those awaiting trial. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Mexico State. The deadline for unions to amend and register their statutes, originally set to expire in May 2020, was suspended due to COVID-19, reestablished in late 2020, and continued as of November. In Guadalajara, territorial battles between criminal groups take place in tourist areas. It might seem that 2022 is starting off with important positive news about the crime and security situation in Mexico. In October and November, I spent several weeks in various parts of Mexico researching the evolution of crime and security policies. Defendants may not be compelled to testify or confess guilt. our office. Of particular concern is the high number of murders in the southern region of the state associated with cartel-related violence. Enforcement was inadequate in many small companies, in agriculture, and in construction, and nearly absent in the informal sector in which most child laborers worked. While not directed at tourists, shootings between rival gangs have injured innocent bystanders. Through a nationwide assessment process, the National Search Commission (CNB) revised the governments official number of missing or disappeared persons repeatedly as additional data became available. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Mexico City. Women and girls continue to face alarming rates of gender-based violence. In January. The military can now legally detain civilians, take charge of crime scenes, and preserve evidence. Municipal candidates and challengers seeking to oust incumbents were the most common victims of political violence, with victims spread across the political spectrum. In 2019 the federal government introduced pensions for persons with disabilities in a state of poverty. In 2019 legislators passed a constitutional reform recognizing Afro-Mexicans as an ethnic group. In July the Supreme Court ruled that authorities at all levels must investigate enforced disappearances, search for disappeared persons, and inform victims of the process. On Feb. 19, rival drug dealers opened fire at Art Beach Tulum, a restaurant on the outskirts of Tulum where an order of sea bass with asparagus risotto and seaweed cream goes for $35. Quintana Roo state Exercise Increased Caution. Also in June a federal judge sentenced the former mayor of Chinipas, Chihuahua, Hugo Amed Schultz Alcaraz, to eight years in prison for his role in the 2017 murder of Miroslava Breach, a prominent La Jornada newspaper correspondent who reported on organized crime and corruption. But the boys merely paid off or intimidated the hair salons into certifying the boys participation in the training without actually attending it. A 2016 ruling by the Supreme Court removed the cap on fines for moral damages, leaving journalists vulnerable to exorbitant fines. Aguascalientes state Exercise Increased Caution. The government continued its efforts to strengthen freedom of association protections, promote union democracy, and improve the ability of workers to bargain collectively. A warrant for arrest is not required if an official has direct evidence regarding a persons involvement in a crime, such as having witnessed the commission of a crime; in a 2018 report, the domestic think tank Mexico Evalua determined that 90 percent of all arrests fell under this category. The law provides for the freedoms of peaceful assembly and association, and the government generally respected these rights, with some exceptions. As of November authorities held Emilio Lozoya in pretrial detention. In 2016, the most recent data available, INEGI reported that 44 percent of persons working in agriculture were day laborers. Only 5.2 percent of crimes committed in Mexico are solved, the nongovernmental group Mxico Evala reports. As a security official in theTierra Calienteexplained to me, the objective of the deployments of the National Guard or joint patrols is not to fight the criminals, or even to deter them: We send the National Guard in joint patrols with state police or the military to stand on the street. Victims are often held incommunicado at military bases or illegal detention sites. Baja California state Reconsider Travel. Government officials were mostly cooperative and responsive, with the president and cabinet officials meeting with human rights organizations, such as OHCHR, IACHR, and CNDH. Although 94 percent of Mexican households have television, a lack of affordable internet access left many children, especially those in low-income households or with disabilities, unable to fully participate in education. Job announcements specifying desired gender, age, marital status, and parental status were common. As a result he was forced to urinate and defecate in his bed, according to Human Rights Watch. Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum marriage age is 18. Nuevo Leon state Exercise Increased Caution. Several indigenous communities denounced the governments plan to build the Mayan Train, an estimated $7.5 billion dual cargo-passenger railroad to cross the Yucatan Peninsula through indigenous lands. Social programs to combat child labor did not address all sectors where child labor occurred. The Puebla state government sued the news outlet E-Consulta seven times due to its reporting. The more recent map is here. Nonetheless, NGOs and media reported on sexual exploitation of minors, as well as child sex tourism in resort towns and northern border areas. Criminal activity and violence occur throughout the state. When authorities fail to accept a recommendation, the CNDH makes that known publicly. Between January and May there were an additional 20 complaints of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment against the National Guard, 20 against the army, and 11 against the National Migration Institute. Political parties nominated more female candidates for public office in the midterm elections than ever before, including half of their candidates for governor in the 15 races up for election. If all countries commitmentswere in a similar range, warming would reach up to 3C by the end of the century. The government generally exempted accompanying adults from detention to preserve family unity. Maui, HI. Even if that means succumbing to the narcos. Violent crime and gang activity are widespread. Tweets disseminated their identities and their media outlets and also made veiled threats. Map of homicides in Mexico from. State human rights commissions investigate state and municipal police forces and can issue similar recommendations. As of August 27, there were no updates in this investigation. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Federal law prohibits torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment, as well as the admission of confessions obtained through illicit means as evidence in court. In August 2020 attackers fired multiple shots at the building housing the printing facilities of El Diario de Iguala. Most formal-sector workers (70 percent) received between one and three times the minimum wage. Security experts said government candidate protection programs, which did not cover all those eligible, had a negligible impact on curbing political violence. Mexican immigration officials have refused to follow court rulings ordering them to prevent the spread of Covid-19 in immigration detention centers. In 2019 the Prosecutor Generals Office opened a corruption investigation against Lozoya for receiving up to $10 million in bribes from the Brazilian construction firm Odebrecht. The Prosecutor Generals Office owned a previous genetics database, which consisted of 63,000 profiles, and was responsible for the new database. The Lpez Obrador government blames poor security on state authorities, and state authorities blame it on municipal ones. Children constituted 19 percent of irregular migrant flows identified by authorities; 30 percent of them were unaccompanied. The Federal Center, however, estimated that only 10 to 15 percent of those collective bargaining agreements would undergo a legitimization vote because the worksite where the agreement was valid had closed, the work for which the agreement was negotiated had concluded, or the contract was a protection contract held by a nonrepresentative union. Most newspapers, television stations, and radio stations were privately owned. In addition to shelters, womens justice centers provided services including legal, psychological, and protective; however, the number of cases far surpassed institutional capacity. Six allow it for any reason up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Abuses of time limits on pretrial detention were endemic in state judicial systems. The group reported 16 acts of aggression against female journalists between January and July and called on the Puebla governor to guarantee the adoption of public policies to respect, protect, and guarantee the exercise of journalism. The majority are between 15 and 30 years old, from lower income families, the CNB reports. The Secretariat of National Defense and Secretariat of the Navy also play a role in domestic security, particularly in combating organized criminal groups. Freedom of Expression, Including for Members of the Press and Other Media, b. Freedoms of Peaceful Assembly and Association, d. Freedom of Movement and the Right to Leave the Country, e. 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